石灰岩矿山植被复绿技术分析

摘要

矿山开采破坏了森林生态系统的结构和功能,带来了严重的生态环境问题.加强矿山宕址的绿化和生态恢复,具有十分重要的意义.试验研究了富阳市新桐乡石灰岩矿山宕址的植被复绿技术,对主要的复绿植物存活率和生长状况进行了调查分析.结果表明,女贞(Ligustrum lucidum Ait.)、柏树[Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco]、四季竹[Oligostachyum lubricum (Wen) Keng f.]、海桐[Pittosporum tobira (Thunb.) Ait.]、爬山虎[Parthenocissus tricuspidata (Sieb.et Zucc) Planch] 等植物当年的存活率高达95%,且保持了一定的生长趋势.其中四季竹当年平均每株发新竹5.7株,立竹度高达28 500支/hm2,是当地矿山复绿的优良植物.据此,总结了矿山复绿工作中的经验,并提出了有关建议.%As mining destroy the structure and function of forest ecosystem and cause serious ecological and environmental problems, it was important to strengthen revegetation and ecological restoration on limestone mine. Revegetation technology and the survival rate and growing status of the major revegetation plants on limestone mine in Xintong township Fuyang County was investigated. The results showed that one -year survival rate of revegetation plants Ligustrum lucidum Ait., Platycladus orientalis(L.) Franco, Oligostachyum lubricum (Wen) Keng f., Pittosporum tobira (Thunb.) Ait. , Parthenocissus trkuspidata(Sieb.et Zucc) Planch was up to 95%; and revegetation plants maintained a certain growth trend. O. Lubricum was the best revegetation plant, while the average shoots were 5.7 per bamboo and the bamboo density was up to 28 500 shoots/ hm in the planting year, r our experiences and recommendations on the work oi revegetation and ecological restoration on limestone mine were summarized and discussed.