3种中药材对番茄根围土壤线虫影响及对根结线虫的毒力

摘要

研究3种中药材天南星、半夏和商陆对番茄根际根结线虫数量、土壤线虫群落组成的影响,并测定这3种中药材对根结线虫2龄幼虫杀线虫活性.盆栽试验表明,在施入中药材的土壤中,植物寄生性线虫的个体数量明显减少,非植物寄生性线虫的数量明显增加,土壤线虫群落结构更利于植物生长.对3种中药材的甲醇-乙醇提取物的生物学测定结果表明,3种中药材提取物对根结线虫均有一定毒杀作用.天南星、商陆和半夏24h的EC5o分别为0.47、1.98、3.91 g/L,48 h的EC50分别为0.24、0.52和2.50g/L.3种中药材中,天南星可作为一种有潜力的植物源杀线虫剂资源加以利用.%Pot experiments were conducted to determine the influence of three kinds of Chinese herbal medicine, Arisaema erubcscens (TNX), Pinellia ternata (BX), Phytolacca acinosa Roxb (SL) on the number of tomato root-knot nematode and the construction of soil nematode community. Meanwhile, the toxicity of Chinese herbal medicine on the second instar larvae of root-knot nematode was detected. The results showed that the plant parasitic nematode population significantly decreased but non-plant parasitic nematode population dramatically increased after the application of Chinese herbal medicine powder, and the community structure of soil nematode was more beneficial to plant growth. By the bioassay of carbinol-ethanol extraction from the 3 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine, it indicated that they all had fatal influence on root-knot nematode. Ecsa of TNX, SL and BX was 0.47, 1.98, 3.91 g/L respectively in 24 h. EC50 of TNX, SL and BX was 0.24, 0.52 和 2.50 g/L respectively in 48 h. TNX could be treated as a potential plant source for bio-nematicide.