The results of the presented study showed that there were 63 substances in oil components of Vernicia fordii (Hemsl.) Airy-Shaw cv. Five fingernails tung including 63.94％ of 18-6,9,12-Octadecatrienoic acid and methyl ester cistrans isomer of c-eleostearic acid, 8.62％ of Z,Z,Z-9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, 6.23％ of 9-Octadecenoic acid, 8.05％of (Z,Z)-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, 3.30％ of palmitic acid, 1.19％ of ll-Eicosenoic acid. The relative content of Five fingernails tung fatty acid was 99.04％ among which there were 21 unsaturated fatty acids; the total content of drying oil was 90.63％; the oil content of seed kernel was 62.89％; the refractive index was 1.520 6; the acidification value was 5.1 mg/g;the iodization value was 165 mg/g; the saponification value was 190 mg/g; It was transparent and without abnormal odour; the colour was 0.1; and the specific gravity was 0.937 6 g/mL; while the thermal polymerization time was 446 s. It contained much β-eleostearic acid so the products could not meet the need of commercial tung oil products; but 13-eleostearic acid was an effective substance for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. It could be developed as medicinal tung tree.%研究结果显示,五爪桐[Vemicia fordii(Hemsl.)Airy-Shaw cv.Five fingemails tung]的桐油组分中含有63种成分,其中18种十八-6,9,12-三烯酸甲酯顺反异构体的α-桐酸的总含量达63.94%,(Z,Z,Z)十八-9,12,15-三烯酸甲酯的β-桐酸含量为8.62%,十八-9-烯酸甲酯含量为6.23%,(Z,Z)十八-9,12-二烯酸甲酯含量为8.05%,棕榈酸甲酯含量为3.30%,二十-11-烯酸甲酯含量为1.19%.五爪桐桐油总脂肪酸的相对含量为99.04%,其中有21种不饱和脂肪酸,干性油含量为90.63%;其种仁含油量为62.89%,折光指数1.520 6,酸化值5.1 mg/g,碘化值165 mg/g,皂化值190 mg/g,透明无异味,色泽0.1,密度0.937 6g/mL,热聚合时间446 s.五爪桐桐油脂肪酸因含β-桐酸高,桐油产品中有结晶析出,不能达到商品桐油的质量要求;但β-桐酸是一种治疗心血管疾病有显效的有效成分,含量高,有提取价值,可将它作为药用油桐树发展.
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