稻蟹共生对稻田杂草的生态防控试验研究

摘要

为了克服稻田大量施用化学农药除草的弊端,通过在稻田食物链中增加河蟹.对稻蟹共生稻田中杂革的消长动态进行系统研究.结果表明,试验点稻田杂草主要以稗草[Echinochioa crusgalli(L.)Beauv]为主,其他杂草只占很少一部分.养蟹投饵田中杂革的株防效和鲜重防效分别可达26.43%～44.33%、17.72%～42.84%;养蟹不投饵田的稻田杂草的株防效和鲜重防效均可达50%以上.说明稻蟹共生可利用河蟹控制杂草,降低杂草与水稻的竞争,能基本控制杂草的危害.%Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) was stocked in paddy field to relief the overuse of chemical pesticides in paddy field.The effect of ecological prevention and control of weeds was studied by assessing the dynamics of weed growth in rice-crab polycultured fields.The results showed that banyard grass [Echinochloa crusgalli(L.) Beauv]was the dominant weed while other weeds accounted for only a small fraction in the paddyfield.The weed decreased by 26.43％～44.33％ in individual number and 17.72％～42.84％ in wet weight in bait-casting polycultured field; while the crab-culturing paddy fields without baits showed 50％ decrease of both individual number and wet weight of weeds.Weeds could be controlled effectively through raising crabs in the rice field, which reduced the competitive ability of weeds in paddy field.