紫球藻脂溶性化合物抗植物病原菌活性及成分分析

摘要

从紫球藻中提取粗脂,并经硅胶柱层析将粗脂分离成石油醚洗脱组分(非极性脂)、苯洗脱组分(弱极性脂)和乙醇洗脱组分(强极性脂),并对粗脂和3种洗脱组分进行了抗3种植物病原茵的活性试验.结果表明,粗脂对3种病原菌都有一定的抗茵活性,其乙醇洗脱组分在脂溶性化合物中舍量最高,抗菌活性也最强;石油醚洗脱组分的含量低于乙醇洗脱组分,但无抗茵活性;苯洗脱组分含量最少,但对3种微生物都有一定的抗茵活性.对3种洗脱组分进行了成分分析,结果表明,石油醚洗脱组分以烷烃类化合物为主;苯洗脱纽分中3,7,11,15-四甲基,2-十六醇的含量最高;乙醇洗脱组分富含脂肪酸化合物.紫球藻的抗菌活性是其脂溶性化合物中各种化学成分相互综合作用的结果.%After extraction from Porphyridium cruentum, crude grease was divided into three fractions, petroleum ether, benzene and ethanol by silica gel column chromatography. The crude grease and the three fractions were analyzed for antimicrobial activities against three plant pathogens. The results showed that the crude grease inhibited all the three microorganisms.As the highest component in the total grease, ethanol had the strongest antimicrobial activities among the three fractions. The content of petroleum ether which has no antimicrobial activities, was less than the ethanol. The benzene content was the lowest in total grease, however this fraction had antimicrobial activities against the three plant pathogens. The analysis of the chemical compositions of three fractions indicated that the petroleum ether were mostly made up of hydrocarbon. 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl,2-hexadecenoic alcohol was the highest in benzene fraction. The ethanol was rich in fatty acids. The antimicrobial activities of liposoluble compounds in Porphyridium cruentum were resulted from the interaction of various chemical components.