豹斑毒鹅膏菌和褐鳞环柄菇的毒素粗品对剑水蚤的毒效研究

摘要

利用豹斑毒鹅膏茵(Amanita pantherina (DC.:Fr.) Schrmm.)和褐鳞环柄菇(Lepiota helveola Bres.)的毒素粗品对剑水蚤(Cyclops)进行毒杀试验.结果表明,豹斑毒鹅膏菌和褐鳞环柄菇的毒素粗品对剑水蚤均具有一定的毒杀作用,并表现出明显的剂量效应和时间效应.在作用时间为12h时,豹斑毒鹅膏茵毒素粗品对剑水蚤的半致死浓度(LC50)要低于褐鳞环柄菇毒素粗品；在作用时间为48 h时,豹斑毒鹅膏菌毒素粗品对剑水蚤的LC50为0.049 mg/mL,褐鳞环柄菇毒素粗品对剑水蚤的LC50为0.038 mg/mL;在相同浓度下,豹斑毒鹅膏茵毒素粗品对剑水蚤的半致死时间(LT50)比褐鳞环柄菇毒素粗品的都要短.因此,在剑水蚤大量暴发的情况下,可选择豹斑毒鹅膏茵毒素粗品来治理；推测褐鳞环柄菇的毒性发作有一定的潜伏期,若需要较长时间的持续毒杀作用时,则可用褐鳞环柄菇毒素粗品来治理.%Toxicity experiments of Amanita pantherina (DC. :Fr.) Schrmm. And Lepiota helveola Bres. Toxins crude products to the Cyclops were performed. The results showed that both the A. Pantherina and L. Helveola toxins had a certain degree of totoxicity, and showed significant dose-response and time effect. In 12 h, LC50 of A. Pantherina toxin are lower than the Lepiota helveola Bres. Toxin; In 48 h, LC50 of A. Pantherina toxin was 0.049 mg/mL, and the LC50 of L. Helveola toxin was 0.038 mg/mL; In the same concentration, the LT50 of A. Pantherina toxin was shorter than the L. Helveola toxin. Therefore, for the large outbreaks of the cyclops , one can choose the Amanita pantherina (DC.:Fr.) Schrmm. Toxin; dicating that there is a latent period for the toxicity of L. Helveola, for longer sustained effect, one choose the L. Helveola toxin.