六种野生植物提取物对草莓蚜虫的生物活性

摘要

Biological activity were tested using alcohol extracts from 6 wild plants against Aphi doidea in strawberry. The re-sults indicated that all 6 alcohol extracts had certain antifeeding and insecticidal bioactivity to strawberry Aphidoidea. At the dosage of 10 mg/mL, extract of Eupatorium adenophrum had the highest antifeeding toxicity with antifeeding rate 84.24% after 12 h treated, and followed by extract of Euphorbia helioscopia with antifeeding rate 83.54%. Repellent activity of Taraxacum mongolicum extract was the lowest, but its antifeeding rate could reach 56.14% after 12 h. Antifeeding activity could reduce gradually with the extending of treatment time, but antifeeding rates of extracts of E. adenophrum and E. helioscopia could remain 67.45% and 62.34% after 72 h. The extract of E. adenophrum showed the strongest contact toxicity with corrected mortality rate 93.04% after 72 h, and the extract of T. mongolicum indicated the lowest activity, but the corrected mortality rate could reach 80.54%.%用乙醇做溶剂,测定6种野生植物乙醇提取物对草莓(Fragaria ananassa)蚜虫(Aphi doidea)的生物活性。结果表明,6种野生植物的乙醇提取物对草莓蚜虫均有不同程度的拒食和毒杀活性。在10 mg/mL浓度下,紫茎泽兰(Eupatorium adenophora)提取物对蚜虫的拒食率最高,处理12 h后,拒食率为84.24％,其次为泽漆(Euphorbia helioscopia)提取物,拒食率为83.54％；蒲公英(Taraxacum mongolicum)提取物拒食活性虽然最低,但12 h拒食率仍能达到56.14％以上。随着时间的延续,各提取物的拒食活性逐渐变弱,但紫茎泽兰、泽漆提取物72 h拒食率仍能保持在67.45％和62.34％。紫茎泽兰提取物对蚜虫的毒杀活性最高,72 h毒杀校正死亡率为93.04％；蒲公英提取物的毒杀活性最低,但72 h毒杀校正死亡率仍能达到80.54％。