通过室内土柱模拟,研究了贺兰山东麓代表性酿酒葡萄园沙质土壤硝态氮、铵态氮、速效磷、速效钾的淋洗特征.结果表明,土壤对铵态氮的吸附能力比较强,铵态氮淋溶量与土柱高度呈正比,土壤对铵态氮的吸附主要集中在20~60 cm.硝态氮淋溶作用显著高于铵态氮,且初次淋失量与第二次相差不大.随着土柱高度的增加,速效磷、速效钾淋失量和淋滤液浓度都增加.%The experiment was carried out by using soil column leaching method, and the leaching characteristics of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium on gravel sand of typical wine-grape orchard at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain of Ningxia were investigated. The results showed that the adsorption ability of soil to am-monium nitrogen was strong, and proportional to soil column height. The main adsorption height of ammonium nitrogen in soil was from 20 to 60 cm. The leaching amount of nitrate nitrogen was significantly higher than that of ammonium nitrogen, and amount of nitrate nitrogen between the first and second leaching had no difference. The leaching rate and leaching concentra-tion of potassium and phosphorus increased with increasing of soil column height.
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