白术种苗的无性快速繁殖技术研究

摘要

以白术(Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.)的腋芽为外植体,以不同的光照时间、光照度和植物生长调节剂6-BA、NAA不同浓度配比以及MS、1/2 MS、1/4 MS培养基分别进行初代培养、愈伤组织诱导培养、愈伤组织增殖培养、愈伤组织丛生芽诱导培养、丛生芽生根培养,并炼苗移栽.结果表明,愈伤组织诱导培养基1/2 MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.3 mg/L NAA的愈伤组织形成率为97.2%;愈伤组织增殖培养基MS+1.5 mg/L 6-BA+1.0 mg/L NAA的愈伤组织增殖能力为9.5倍;愈伤组织丛生芽诱导培养基1/2 MS+1.7 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA的愈伤组织丛生芽诱导倍数为4.5倍;生根培养基1/4 MS+0.75 mg/L NAA的生根率为96.7%,生根平均数为8.2条/芽,炼苗移栽的成活率在91.5%~93.0%.通过该方法进行白术种苗繁殖,有利于向国家作物种质资源库输送优质种质资源材料,丰富白术基因库,便于白术优质种质资源的交流与共享,从而提高育种水平与药材生产能力.%Large-headed atractylodes(Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.) axillary bud is used as explant, which is treated with different time and intensity of illumination, different concentration of 6-BA and NAA on MS, 1/2 MS,1/4 MS culture medi-um for original culture, callus induction culture, cultivating callus proliferation, induction of callus growing cultivation, multi-ple shoot clumps, rooting and seedling transplanting to find out the optimum fast asexual propagation technology. When callus induction media is 1/2 MS+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.3 mg/L NAA, the callus formation rate is 97.2%. When callus proliferation medium is MS+1.5 mg/L 6-BA+1.0 mg/L NAA, callus proliferation ratio is 9.5 times. When induction of callus growing medi-um is 1/2 MS+1.7 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA. When rooting medium is 1/4 MS+0.75 mg/L NAA, the rooting rate is 96.7%; the rooting ratio is 8.2 times; and seedling transplanting survival rate is 91.5%~93.0%. Atractylodes seedling breeding is beneficial to transfer high quality germplasm resources to the national crop germplasm bank, rich the atractylodes seed gene pool and facilitate atractylodes quality germplasm resource exchange and sharing, improve the level of breeding and medicinal material production level.