近代华北乡村市场中的包税制--以直隶省获鹿县为例

摘要

作为买卖双方的中介机构，牙行在乡村市场自古有之，而到了近代，政府为满足自身攫取资源的需要，采用了包税制度，这种制度与乡村市场传统的抽用体系产生矛盾，使得维持村庄组织运行与乡地制度的基本保障与必要成本从根基上造成破坏，引发了乡村社会的多重危机。%As an intermediary institution,Yahang system has existed for a long time.In modern time,the government a-dopt the Baoshui system for more benefit.This system had contradiction with the traditional Chouyong system in rural market and leaded to crisis.