以表面带正电荷的μm级聚苯乙烯微球为种子,经过甲苯、二乙烯基苯溶胀,聚合与包覆等过程制备了直径约5μm的中空聚合物微球.研究了溶剂类型、溶剂用量对动态溶胀法制备的中空聚合物微球粒径、分布和结构的影响,讨论了中空聚合物微球的形成机理.结果表明:添加一定量甲苯、二甲苯等挥发性溶剂是动态溶胀法形成中空聚合物微球的前提；甲苯用量越多,溶胀后形成的中空结构越明显,孔径越大；选择低溶解性的二甲苯溶剂更有利于中空结构的形成.%Hollow polymer microspheres about 5 μm in diameter were synthesized by dynamic swelling method using micron-sized polystyrene spheres with positive charges on surfaces as seeds. The synthesis process included swelling by organic solvents such as toluene and divinylbenzene, polymerizing and coating. The influences of variety and dosage of organic solvents on diameter, size distribution and hole structure of hollow microspheres were investigated, and the formation mechanism of hollow microspheres was discussed. It is indicated that some volatile organic solvents, such as toluene and dimethylbenzene, are crucial to hollow structure formation. Experimental results show that, more toluene leads to larger hollow structure after swelling, and dimethylbenzene is good for hollow structure formation, owing to its low solubility.
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