Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of huoxuexiaoying tablet on experimental goiter of rats. Methods The rats were randomly divided into six groups: the control, the model control group, huoxuexiaoying tablet at different doses,and the sodium levothyroxine group ( Euthyrox group) . Except for the rats in the control,the rats in other groups were given with propylthiouracil (20 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ) by intragastric ( i. g. ) administration every day for 60 days. Meanwhile, some rats were treated with huoxuexiaoying tablet at low (4. 4 g·kg-1·d-1),middle (8. 8 g·kg-1·d-1) and high dose (17. 6 g·kg-1 ·d-1 ) orally,and those in the Euthyrox group were given with 7. 8μg·kg-1 ·d-1 Euthyrox by i. g. administration. The rats in the control group were administrated with the same volume of saline (N. S). After 60 days of treatment,the rats were sacrificed,the organ indexes of thyroid and pituitary and the levels of free triiodothyronine ( FT3 )、free thyroxin ( FT4 ) and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) in serum,were tested. The expression of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF),transforming growth factor-β( TGF-β) and B-cell lymphoma 2 gene ( Bcl-2 ) were examined by immunofluorescence. Results Compared with the model,organ indexes of thyroid were significantly reduced by huoxuexiaoying tablet at three doses (P0. 05). The levels of FT3 and FT4 were in a elevating trend,but TSH decreased with no significance (P>0. 05). The morphological structure of thyroid was greatly improved by huoxuexiaoying tablet in comparison with the model. In which the gland dilated,thyroid follicular restored to moderate size,epithelia were cubic or flattened and follicular cavity filled with abundant glial. The expression of bFGF and Bcl-2 decreased significantly (P0.05)；FT3、FT4有升高趋势,TSH有降低趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；病理检查结果显示,与模型对照组比较,活血消瘿片各剂量组甲状腺形态结构有较大改善,腺体扩张,甲状腺滤泡恢复呈中等大小,上皮细胞呈立方或扁平状,滤泡腔内充满丰富胶质,bFGF、Bcl-2阳性表达明显降低(P<0.01),TGF-β阳性表达明显升高(P<0.01)。结论活血消瘿片具有较好的抗甲状腺肿大作用,其机制可能与促进甲状腺细胞凋亡、抑制甲状腺细胞增殖有关。
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