The analysis and evaluation of the vulnerability of small towns are the main part of risk assessment. At the same time it is the foundation of disaster prevention and mitigation planning. In order to enhance the accuracy of assessment,a comprehensive method for evaluation of the vulnerability of small towns, which took seven evaluation factors, was established based on Set Pair Analysis (SPA) theory. This method was constructed by using sample values compared with the value of standard grade. Using this model, the situation of evaluation of the vulnerability of small towns can be accurately identified. This method was verified clearly through the practical example, and the rationality and validity were demonstrated.%小城镇灾害易损性评价是灾害危险性评价的重要组成部分,也是小城镇决策部门制定防灾减灾规划的重要依据.利用了集对分析理论对小城镇的灾害易损性进行了评价,以影响小城镇灾害易损性的7个因素作为评价因子,建立了灾害易损性的集对分析模型,提出了基于集对分析理论的小城镇灾害易损性综合评价方法.该方法将各待评定的样本值与分级标准形成对子,逐个比较其共有特性、相反特性及差异特性,从不同侧面刻画两个集合的联系与关系(即集对分析),从而比较准确地判别小城镇灾害易损性.并对三个小城镇进行分析,验证了该方法的合理性和有效性.
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