超声高频探头在小儿腹部疾病诊断中的应用

摘要

目的 分析高频超声探头用于小儿腹部疾病肠系膜淋巴结炎、急性阑尾炎和小肠套叠的临床诊断的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析广水市一医院门诊部和住院部2013-10-2015-10间收治的140例患有腹部疾病的患儿的临床资料,其中68例肠系膜淋巴结炎患儿、38例急性阑尾炎患儿和34例小肠套叠患儿,分析其声像图特征,并经临床诊疗及病理学方法进行确诊.结果 68例经超声诊断的肠系膜淋巴结炎患儿,其声像图均显示为淋巴结肿大,主要病灶部位是脐周或右中下腹部;38例急性阑尾炎患儿,其超声结果显示阑尾肿大有31例,诊断符合率81.6%,有7例漏诊或误诊.其声像图的主要表现与炎症的程度相关;共有34例小肠套叠的患儿,经高频B超诊断其套叠肠段的最大外径达20 mm,最大长度达43 mm.结论 高频超声用于小儿肠系膜淋巴结炎、急性阑尾炎和小肠套叠的诊断具有重要的临床意义,可作为小儿腹部疾病的首选检查方法.%Objective To analyze the clinical value of high-frequency ultrasound in diagnosis of mesenteric lymphadenitis in children with abdominal diseases,acute appendicitis and intussusception.Methods Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 140 cases with abdominal disease patients in Outpatient Department and Inpatient Department in the hospital from October, 2013 to October, 2015 was done,including 68 cases with mesenteric lymphadenitis,38 cases with acute appendicitis and 34 cases with intussusceptions.Ultrasonogram characteristic was compared,and definite diagnosis was done through clinical diagnosis and pathology learn.Results In 68 cases with mesenteric lymphadenitis diagnosed by ultrasound,the sonogram shows lymph node enlargement.The main lesion is the umbilicus or right lower abdomen.In 38 cases with acute appendicitis,the ultrasound shows swollen appendix in 31 cases,the diagnosis coincidence rate is 81.6%,and 7 cases are misdiagnosed.There are 34 cases with intussususception, the maximum diameter of the sleeve is 20 mm,and the maximum length is 43mm.Conclusion High frequency ultrasound has important clinical significance for the diagnosis of mesenteric lymphadenitis in children with acute appendicitis.Intussusceptions can be used as the preferred method of examination of abdominal diseases in children.