眩晕主诉门诊患者的临床常见病因研究及诊断意义

摘要

Objective:To analyze the common etiology of outpatients with complaint of vertigo , and to provide evidence for reducing the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis .Method:Four hundred and sixty-one consecutive cases of neurology outpatients with complaint of vertigo from March 2010 to February 2013 in our hospital were collected for the research .The common cause of vertigo were determined by clinical signs and symptoms, medical history, and the corresponding auxiliary examination results .The cause distribution of all ages were analyzed after that .Result:The top five causes of outpatients with vertigo in 461 cases were:be-nign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) 240 cases (52.06%), posterior circulation ischemia (PCI) 76 cases (16.49%), migraine 45 cases (9.76%), hypertension 43 cases (9.33%), neurological disorders 30 cases (6.51%).BPPV were the most common causes in each age group .Common causes of vertigo of all a-ges were statistically significant difference ( P<0.05) .Conclusion:The etiologies of vertigo are varied ,BPPV is the most common cause .Clinicians should pay more attention to BPPV and distinguish various common causes of vertigo , thus, they can diagnose and treat patients with vertigo rapidly and accurately .%目的：分析有眩晕主诉门诊患者的常见病因，为减少临床误诊、漏诊提供方法依据。方法：连续收集2010年3月至2013年2月就诊神经内科门诊以眩晕为主诉的患者461例作为为研究对象。通过临床症状和体征、病史以及相应的辅助检查结果确定眩晕常见病因，并分析各年龄层病因分布。结果：461例门诊眩晕患者病因前5位依次为：良性阵发性位置性眩晕（BPPV）240例（52．06％），后循环缺血（PCI）76例（16．49％），偏头痛45例（9．76％），原发性高血压43例（9．33％），神经症30例（6．51％），BPPV是各年龄层导致眩晕的最常见病因。分析各年龄层眩晕常见病因分布，差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论：眩晕患者的病因多种多样，BPPV为最常见的病因，临床医师应注重BBPV病因的诊治，并对引起眩晕的各种常见病因加以区分，从而快速准确的诊治眩晕患者。