压方圆角对长轴类大锻件质量影响研究

摘要

According to the characteristics of long-axis heavy forgings.The whole forging process of longaxis heavy forging was divided into three steps,including squaring,stretching and chamfering rounding.Researches of forging process are now focused on the optimization of stretching,but hardly on forging process optimization.By means of DEFORM-3D software,edge radius of V-shaped anvil were simulated and optimized from aspects of internal stress state,stress and the damage factor in squaring process.Results of Simulation show that appropriate edge radius of V-shaped anvil can prevent forging cracks and improve the quality of forgings.%长轴类大锻件的锻造过程一般分为压方、拔长和倒棱滚圆三大步骤，目前对锻造工艺研究较多的是拔长和倒棱滚圆的优化，很少有对压方工艺优化的研究。本文从V型砧边缘的圆角半径的大小来对长轴类大锻件的压方过程进行模拟优化，从锻件内部应力、应变及破坏因子三个方面进行对比分析。结果表明，适当增大V型砧边缘的圆角半径可以有效防止锻件裂纹的产生，为锻件的质量提高和结构设计提供一种有效、可靠的分析方法。