数据中心分布式冷却系统研究

摘要

利用最小耗散理论和匹配换热原则对数据中心的传热机理进行了分析，在此基础上提出了一种分布式冷却系统。该系统利用内置多级热管的内冷型机柜消除室内冷热气流混合，实现了室内温湿度均匀分布。同时，由于取消了冷热气流通道，提高了室内空间利用率，可以容纳更多的机柜。室外采用多级冷水机组串联的环路冷水系统，根据室外环境温度的变化调整机组运行台数，动态分配负荷，提高机组能效比。通过在冷水环路中串联1台冷却塔，利用室外空气的冷却能力缩短冷水机组运行时间，进一步降低运行能耗。工程改造实例表明，该综合冷却系统可以有效改善数据中心室内热环境，且节能率超过40％。%Proposes a distributed cooling system for thermal management of data center based on the analysis using least dissipation theory and match principle of heat exchange.Designs an internally cooled rack with multi-stage heat pipe loops to eliminate undesired air mixing.Further improvement of energy performance can be achieved by the combined water loop,which dynamically and effectively adjusts cooling load distribution among chillers and the cooling tower,according to the outdoor environment conditions,and makes full use of free cooling potentials.The measurement results of a retrofitted data center show a uniform indoor temperature and humidity distribution and reduced energy consumption by over 40%.