目的：研究当代黎族青年的体质特征，为少数民族地区体育卫生服务提供基础参考理论。方法应用SPSS17.0软件对590名(其中男性290人，女性300人)黎族青年各类相对体质指标建立R聚类矩阵模型，并与本地600名同龄汉族青年(其中男性300人，女性300人)三项身体形态机能指标相比较，描述当代黎族青年的体质特征。结果经R聚类矩阵分析，黎族男青年各体质派生指标聚为两类。身高/坐位体前屈、体重/坐位体前屈与肺活量/体重、肺活量/台阶指数聚为第一类，身高/立定跳远、体重/立定跳远、体重/身高与台阶实验聚为第二类，黎族女青年各体质派生指标聚为两类。体重/身高、体重/立定跳远与身高/坐位体前屈、体重/坐位体前屈及台阶试验聚为第一类，肺活量/体重、肺活量/台阶指数与身高/立定跳远聚为第二类。通过与本地汉族青年三项身体机能派生指标的比较，体重(kg)/身高(cm)×1000指数值，男女青年黎族都显著高于汉族，差异均有统计学意义(P男<0.01；P女<0.05)，肺活量(m1)/体重(kg)指数值比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。台阶试验指数黎族青年显著大于汉族青年，差异均有统计学意义(P男<0.01；P女<0.05)。结论黎族男青年第一聚类体质指标体现身体长度、重量对人体屈伸度的影响及其与身体心肺机能潜在的联系；第二聚类体质指标体现身体高度、重量、等长重量及摄氧机能水平对跳跃能力影响的内在关系。黎族女青年第一聚类体质指标体现身体等长重量对身体屈伸度和跳跃素质的影响及其与身体心肺机能的潜在联系；第二聚类体质指标体现身体心肺机能水平对身体等长跳跃远度素质间直接影响。黎族男女青年较本地汉族青年身体形态机能派生指标相比较，具有身体形态相对较充实，身体心肺机能水平相对强的体质特征。%Objective To explore the physical features of young people of the Li ethnic minority and to pro-vide theoretical basis for the health services of ethnic minority areas. Methods SPSS software was used to establish R clustering matrix model for derived physical indexes in young people of the Li ethnic minority (590 people, includ-ing 290 males and 300 females). The three physical function indexes of young people of the Li ethnic minority were compared with those of 600 youth people of the Han nationality in local place (including 300 males and 300 females). The physical characteristics of young people of the Li ethnic minority were analyzed. Results R type cluster analysis showed that the derived physical indexes of young people of the Li ethnic minority were grouped into two categories, with height/body anteflexion in sitting position, weight (kg)/body anteflexion in sitting position, vital capacity/body weight, vital capacity/step index clustered into one category, and height/standing long jump, weight/standing long jump, weight/height, step test clustered into the other category. Compared with youth people of the Han nationality, the value of weight (kg)/height (cm)×1 000 in young people of the Li ethnic minority were significantly higher, both in males and in females (Pmale<0.01;Pfemale<0.05), while the vital capacity (M1)/weight (kg) showed no statistically signifi-cant difference (P>0.05). Step test index in young people of the Li ethnic minority was significantly higher (Pmale<0.01;Pfemale<0.05). Conclusion In young male people of the Li ethnic minority, the first category of physical indexes re-flect the effect of body height, body weight on body flexion and extension and their potential link with heart and lung function, and the second category of physical indexes reflect the inherent relationship between body weight, body height, weight and length, the level of oxygen uptake and jumping ability. In young female people of the Li ethnic mi-nority, the first category of physical indexes reflect the effect of body weight, body height on body flexion and exten-sion and jumping quality, as well as their potential links with heart and lung function, and the second category of physi-cal indexes reflect the effect of body mass index, body heart and lung function level on the quality of jumping dis-tance. Compared with youth people of the Han nationality, the young people of the Li ethnic minority have relatively better body shape and higher level of heart and lung function.
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