目的：分析某三甲医院院内急性中毒的流行病学特点。方法收集2009-2014年新疆医科大学第一附属医院急救中心收治的329例急性中毒住院患者的临床资料，采用回顾性研究方法，对年龄、性别、民族、中毒谱、中毒季节、发病时间和预后进行分析。结果329例急性中毒住院患者中，男女比例为1.08：1，主要分布于20~50岁这个年龄段，男性与女性急性中毒类型构成比差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.00，P<0.01)。急性中毒以汉族居多，其次为维吾尔族与回族，其他民族所占比例较少。中毒谱构成比差异有统计学意义(χ2=506.35，P<0.01)，其中农药中毒最多，其次为食物中毒，第三位的为气体中毒。季节构成比差异有统计学意义(χ2=330.78，P<0.01)，其中以夏季最多。死亡6例，其中农药中毒5例，药物中毒1例。结论急性中毒为急诊科常见疾病，在发病早期得不到准确的诊断及有效的治疗，常可危及患者生命。本文反映了我院急诊科收治的急性中毒谱，在一定程度上反映了地域性中毒特点，具有一定的临床意义。%Objective To analyze the epidemiology of in-hospital patients with acute poisoning in a third-grade class-A hospital. Methods The clinical data of 329 in-hospital patients with acute poisoning in the First Af-filiated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from 2009 to 2014 were retrospectively analyzed, including age, gender, nationality, cause of poisoning, seasons of poisoning, period and prognosis. Results The ratio of males to females was 1.08:1, and the patients were mostly 20~50 years old. There was significant difference in incidence of acute poisoning among different gender groups (χ2=17.00, P<0.05). Most patients were Han nationality, followed by Uygur and Hui, and other nationalities have less proportion. There was significant difference in incidence of acute poisoning among different kinds of toxicant groups (χ2=506.35, P<0.01), and the incidence was highest for pesticide poisoning, followed by food poisoning and then gas poisoning. There was significant difference in incidence of acute poisoning among different sea-son groups (χ2=330.78, P<0.01), and most patients had acute poisoning in summer. Among 6 dead patients, 5 died from pesticide poisoning and 1 died from gas poisoning. Conclusion The acute poisoning is a common disease in the Emer-gency Department, which would cause death without correct diagnosis and effective treatment in the early stage. This ar-ticle presents the characteristics of acute poisoning in the Emergency Department in our hospital, reflects the regional characteristics of poisoning, which has certain significance to clinical work.
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