播种期和种植密度对豫麦49分蘖动态及产量的影响

摘要

为了确定冬小麦品种豫麦49在河南省豫北地区的适宜播期和种植密度,发挥其高产潜力,采用裂区试验研究了豫麦49的播期和种植密度对其群体分蘖动态、成穗数及产量的影响.结果表明:1)小麦单株及群体成穗数取决于播期和种植密度的共同作用,播期越早,种植密度越小,小麦的单株成穗数越多；密度较大时,无论播期早晚,单株成穗数均保持较低水平；群体成穗数以10月9日播种和195万株/hm2密度的组合最高.2)播期和种植密度对籽粒产量的影响差异显著,以10月9日播种的产量最高(7 991.53 kg/hm2),与10月16日播种的产量(6 631.33 kg/hm2)差异显著；种植密度以195万株/hm2的产量最高(7 904.25 kg/hm2),120万株/hm2最低(6 925.32 kg/hm2),且两者差异显著.因此,豫麦49在豫北地区适宜的播期和种植密度为10月9日～16日和195万～270万/hm2基本苗.%The effects of sowing date and planting density of winter wheat cultivar Yumai 49 on tillering dynamics, spike number and yield were conducted by split plot experiment to figure out the appropriate sowing date and planting density. Results: 1) Tiller number per plant was mainly affected by sowing date and planting density, the tiller number per plant decreased with the postponing of sowing date, and increased with the increasing of planting density, the tillering number kept at a low level no matter when sowed, and the group tillering number reached the highest if sowed at October 9 with the planting density of 1. 95 million plants per hectare; 2) The sowing date and planting density had significant effects on grain yield. There were significant difference between sowing dates of October 9(the highest, 7 991.53 kg/hm2) and October 16(6 631. 33 kg/hm2); Significant difference also between planting densities of 1. 95 million plants per hectare( the highest, 7904. 25 kg/hm2) and 1. 20 million plants per hectare(the lowest, 6 925. 32 kg/hm2). Conclusion- The appropriate sowing date and planting density were October 9 -16 and 1. 95 - 2. 70 million basic seedlings per hectare.