为筛选适宜山地替代控制紫茎泽兰的优良物种,对贵州多种具有经济价值的替代植物进行了生态适应性、竞争力和防控效果试验.结果表明:种植当年宽叶雀稗和拉巴豆的盖度分别为100％和93％,较多年生黑麦草分别提高3.70倍和3.44倍；与紫茎泽兰竞争的相对拥挤系数分别为7.09和22.78,较多年生黑麦草分别提高2.43倍和7.80倍；挖除法替代植物宽叶雀稗和拉巴豆的防控效果分别为99.3％和96.9％,刈割法替代植物的防控效果均低于66.4％；宽叶雀稗种植次年的越冬率可达95％,盖度达100％,防控效果达99％以上,具有很好的持续控制作用；拉巴豆在北纬26.2°以北地区难以越冬,只能作一年生替代植物应用；非洲狗尾草、木豆等其他供试替代植物的盖度均小于90％,对紫茎泽兰的防控效果较差.%To select the suitable plant species to control E. adenophorum in hilly area, the ecological adaptability, competitiveness and efficacy of a variety of replacement plants with economic value were studied in Guizhou. The results showed that the coverage of Paspalum tvetsfeteini and Dolichos lablab were 100% and 93%, which increased by 3. 70 and 3. 44 times compared with Lolium perenne; Their relative crowding coefficient were 7. 09 and 22. 78 respectively, which increased by 2. 43 and 7. 80 times competed with E. adenophorum. Using the excavation method their replacement control efficacy were 99. 3 % and 96. 9% , respectively, and using the cutting method their efficacy was lower than 66. 4%. The wintering rate of P. wetsfeteini was 95% and its coverage was still 100%; its efficacy of control on E. adenophorum remained at 99%, which indicated its good sustainable control effect. The wintering of D. lablab was difficult in the north region beyond N 26. 2° and the plant could only be applied for annual replacement. The coverage of Setaria anceps, Cajanus cajan and other test plants were less than 90% and had a poor efficacy of control on E. adenophorum.
展开▼
