Characteristics of grain filling and dry down of summer maize were studied by five cross combinations in Guiyang,including 515527,Qian 526,GL881,J106572 and 1013572,to breed highyield and high-quality maize varieties with rapid grain filling and dry down rate,which was almost not influenced by temperature,combined with local meteorological data in those years,the seed moisture content,fresh and dry weight,grain filling speed and dry down rate of grains from 15 to 67 days after pollination were studied.Results:1) Grain filling and dry down rate were significantly positively correlated with daily mean temperature in the whole grain filling process.And daily mean temperature had great influence on grain filling and dry down rate of 515527 and J106572,while less impact on.Qian526.2) There was higher rate of grain dry down in cross GL881 during 56～67 days after pollination.It is very important to select varieties nonsensitive to low temperature and fast dry down rate in maize production,so as to decrease the effect of low temperature on maize grain filling rate and yield.%为了选育出玉米籽粒灌浆脱水快、受温度影响小的优质、高产、稳产玉米新品种供生产应用,以5个杂交玉米新组合515×527、黔526、GL881、J106×572和1013×572为供试材料,结合当年当地气象资料,对其授粉后15～67d的玉米籽粒含水量、籽粒鲜重、干重、籽粒灌浆速率和脱水速率等进行研究.结果表明:1)在玉米整过灌浆过程中,其日平均温度与玉米籽粒的灌浆速率和脱水速率呈显著正相关,且515×527和J106×572组合的灌浆速率与脱水速率受温度的影响较大,而组合黔526受温度的影响较小.2)在灌浆后期(授粉后56～67d)脱水速率最快的组合是GL881.生产上可选择对温度不敏感,后期脱水快的品种进行应用,以减少低温对玉米籽粒灌浆速率和产量的影响.
展开▼
