西宁市农村居民点分布特征及土地利用变化

摘要

The distribution characteristics and land utilization of rural residential areas in Tibet Plateau area were analyzed by the historical trend method of land utilization dynamic degree and relative variation ratio,Voronoi diagram and geography and landscape ecology method of landscape pattern index to study inner evolution and differentiation law of rural residential areas for propelling rural land reclamation in Xining City.The site area of rural residential areas was on the increase during 2000-2009 and the increased area reached 307.83 ten thousand m2 during 10 years.The site area of per capita residential area decreased from 153.96 m2 in 2000 to 147.56m2 in 2009 gradually.The distribution characteristics of rural residential areas is the aggregated distribution in Datong and Huangzhong Counties,uniform distribution in Huangyuan County and random distribution in central district.There is a great reclamation potential in rural residential areas in Xining City,especially in the central district with higher scatter degree.Because there is great difference in inner plaques of Datong and Huangzhong Counties,the land utilization of rural residential areas should be managed according to the urban planning in Xining City.%为了解西宁市农村居民点内部的演变和分异规律，以推进西宁市农村土地整治工作，选用土地利用动态度、相对变化率等定量指标的历史趋势法以及Voronoi图、景观格局指数等地理学和景观生态学方法，对其农村居民点的分布特征及用地变化进行了研究。结果表明：2000-2009年西宁市农村居民点用地面积呈现不断增加趋势，10年共增加307．83万 m2；人均居民点用地面积逐年减少，从2000年的153．96 m2减少到2009年的147．56 m2；大通县、湟中县的农村居民点为集群分布，湟源县为均匀分布，中心城区为随机分布；从用地规模或分布特征看，西宁市农村居民点用地都有很大的整理潜力，尤其是城中区破碎程度高，大通、湟中县内部斑块的差异性也很大，有必要结合城市规划要求进行整治。