丛枝菌根真菌对滨梅扦插苗生根、生长和抗病相关酶活性的影响

摘要

研究Glomus mosseae,G.diaphanum和G.etunicatum对滨梅插条生根、生长和抗病相关酶活性的影响.结果表明:G.mosseae侵染导致最高生根百分率(47.6%),最多次生细根(20.4条),最高的根干重(0.26 g),最高的地上部分干重(3.55 g),最高的幼苗高度(51.3 cm)及最大的总叶面积(1 012.9 cm2);接种G.etunicatum导致最长根(19.3 cm),所有AMF接种处理形成的初生根条数与对照的水平差不多;4种处理中,接种G.mosseae和G.etunicatum后每一指标的效果均优于对照,而接种G.diaphanum的指标效果与对照相当接近.G.mosseae对大量元素吸收增加的效果最好,G.etunicatum其次,而G.diaphanum的效果与对照很接近.接种3个Glomus种的滨梅插条对于微量元素Mn,Cu和Zn都显著高于对照,而接种G.diaphanum后对微量元素Fe的吸收量与对照相当接近;与对照相比,接种的3个Glomus种都增加了滨梅苗中过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶和苯丙氨酸解氨酶的活性,其中接种G.mosseae对酶活的增加效果最好,G.etunicatum其次,而接种G.diaphanum的指标效果与对照接近.丛枝菌根真菌接种,特别是G.mosseae和G.etunicatum接种能显著促进滨梅插条的生根和生长,并显著增强抗病相关酶的活性.%The effect of inoculation with Glomus mosseae, G. diaphanum or G. etunicatum on the rooting, growth and enzymatic activity relating to disease resistance of beach plum cuttings were studied. The results showed that the largest percentage rooting(47. 6 ％), the maximum number of lateral fine roots(20. 4),the largest dry weights(DWs)of roots(0. 26 g),the largest DWs of shoots(3. 55 g),greatest heights of cuttings(51.3 cm),and the largest total leaf areas of cuttings (1 012.9 cm2 ) were observed following inoculation with G. mosseae. The greatest root lengths were observed alter G. etunicatum inoculation(19.3 cra). Except for the numbers of primary root generated,G. mosseae and G. etunicatum inoculations were significantly better than the controls in all the parameters studied. As for the numbers of primary roots,inoculation with AM fungi gave values close to the control. Greater uptake of macronutrients (P,K,Mg,and Ca) and micronutrients(Mn,Cu,Zn and B)uptake was observed in beach plum for all three Glomus species 80 d after inoculation. Among the three Glomus species,G. mosseae was most effective,G. etunicatum next and G. diaphanum gave macronutrient uptake values close to controls. Compared with controls, the activity of POD, polyphenolase and PAL were increased after inoculation with all three Glomus species. Among the three Glomus species,G. mosseae was most effective,G. etunicatum next and G. diaphanum was dose to controls. This study showed the beneficial effects of inoculation with each of three Glomus fungi, especially G. rnosseae and G. etunicatum, on inducing the rooting, growth and enzymatic activity relating to disease resistance of beach plum cuttings.