碱蓬浮床对海水养殖尾水中氮磷修复效果研究

摘要

海水养殖尾水中总氮、总磷超标是引起沿海水体富营养化的主要原因,为研究碱蓬浮床对海水养殖尾水中氮磷的去除效果,该研究设计加入碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)浮床和不加浮床的两组对比实验,通过比较修复前后碱蓬株高、生物量、含水率、根长以及各部位氮、磷的含量变化,以及水体中总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)的去除效果,探究浮床中碱蓬对总氮和总磷的吸收及其生长特性,验证碱蓬浮床对海水养殖废水中氮、磷等的去除能力.结果表明:浮床中碱蓬株高、鲜重、干重、含水率、根长较修复前均有显著增加,说明浮床中盐生植物碱蓬能够适应含海水养殖尾水水培环境;经碱蓬浮床修复,水体中总氮、总磷均明显下降,其中碱蓬对海水养殖尾水中的总氮总磷去除贡献率分别为16.10%和78.15%,浮床中碱蓬会在叶片和根系中积累氮磷.%The main cause of eutrophication of seawater is excessive nitrogen and phosphorus in the tail water of maricul-ture.In order to explore remediation effects of Suaeda salsa floating bed on nitrogen and phosphorus in marine-culture tail water.Two groups of contrast experiments were designed: adding S.salsa floating bed and without floating bed,by comparing the changes of plant height,biomass,moisture content,root length and content of nitrogen and phosphorus in different parts of plant at the beginning and the end of experiments.Removal effects of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in water were also measured to verify the removal ability of S.salsa to nitrogen and phosphorus in ma-rine-culture tail water as well as to explore the effects of S.salsa on accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus and their growth characteristics.The results showed that S.salsa could adapt well to the floating bed culture environment of saline-culture tail water and there was a significant increase in plant height,biomass,water content and root length.The accu- mulations of N and P were mainly in leaves and roots of S.salsa.N and P accumulation effects of S.salsa accounted for 16.10% and 78.15%on TN and TP removal in water.This results can provide a reference for further study of the role of S.salsa in purifying of tail water in seawater pond and the use of floating bed to repair the tail water of mariculture.