理性与选择——西蒙的有限理性理论与科尔曼的理性选择理论比较研究

摘要

理性假设是经济学的重要前提之一,其内涵的界定直接关系到经济学体系的构建。西蒙从批判古典经济学的＂完全理性＂的＂经济人＂出发,建立了其＂有限理性＂学说,用满意原则代替最优原则。科尔曼则首先借鉴和扩展了经济学的理性选择,以理性选择理论为立足点,发展出新的社会行动理论,促进理性选择理论在社会学中的发展,为社会学研究提供了一种新的研究视角,不断被运用于各个领域的各种现象,沟通着社会的微观与宏观。对两者进行比较,有助于更好地在现实中将其运用,以最恰当的理性,得到符合自己的选择。%Rationality assumption is one of the important hypotheses of economics.The intention of rationality assumption has immediate relationship with the construction of economics system.Based on the criticism of the perfect rationality economic man of classical economics,satisfactory principle was replaced by optimum principle then Harbert A.Simon established his bounded rationality theory.Taking his foothold on rational choice,James S.Coleman developed a new social action theory.The theory promoted the development of rational choice in the sociology,provided a new research perspective,and was utilized in all kinds of phenomenon of every field,communicated the micro social and the macro social.Contrasting the two theories will help their application in the reality and get one＇s choice with the most proper ration.