早产儿喂养不耐受的高危因素分析

摘要

Objective To investigate the high-risk factors of preterm newborn with feeding intolerance(FI) and give clinical basis for proper prevention and early detection. Method Retrospective analysis were given to 316 cases of preterm newborns hospitalized in our NICU from 2012.01 to 2012.06, the general condition of the newborns and the mothers of FI group and non-FI group were compared through single factor analysis and logistic regression analysis, then to find the high-risk factors of feeding intolerance of preterm newborn. Result 97 cases occurred FI and 219 cases didn’t occurred FI, the incidence of FI was 30.7%. The gestational age and birth weight were the protective factors of FI, while fetal distress, birth asphyxia, use of aminophylline and mechanical ventilation were risk factors of FI. Conclusion The high-risk factors of feeding intolerance of preterm newborn include small gestational age, low birth weight, fetal distress, birth asphyxia, use of aminophylline and mechanical ventilation, more focus and early interventions should be given to the preterm newborns with the high-risk factors mentioned above, then prevent the occurrence of FI.%　　目的研究引起早产儿喂养不耐受（FI）的高危因素，为正确预防和早期发现提供临床依据。方法对2012年1月至2012年6月我院收治的316例早产儿进行回顾性分析，通过对FI组、非FI组患儿的一般状况、孕母情况进行单因素分析和Logistic多因素回归分析，查找引起早产儿喂养不耐受的高危因素。结果发生FI者97例，未发生者219例，发生率30.7%。胎龄和出生体质量是FI的保护因素，而宫内窘迫、生时窒息、应用氨茶碱、使用呼吸机则是早产儿发生FI的危险因素。结论早产儿喂养不耐受的高危因素包括胎龄小、体质量低、宫内窘迫、生时窒息、应用氨茶碱和使用呼吸机，应对有上述因素的早产儿重点关注，尽早干预，预防FI发生。