胸部透视、胸部平片和MSCT对小儿气管、支气管异物的诊断价值分析

摘要

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of fluoroscopy of chest, the chest X-ray and multislice computed tomography (MSCT) to the foreign bodies in the trachea and bronchi of the children, and compare the results and diagnosis accuracy to the foreign bodies in the trachea and bronchi. Methods 18 cases of suspected bronchial foreign body all given lfuoroscopy of chest, the chest X-ray and MSCT, even through axis scan images mutiplane restructuring (MPR), curved planar reformation (CPR), minimum density projection method (MinP) and CT virtual endoscopy (CTVE) etc. Image post-processing technology, and compare the images results with what be found by video bronchoscope examination. Results All cases are found foreign bodies by video bronchoscope examination. 1 case directly observed positive foreign body and 10 cases observed typical signs of indirect negative foreign body by lfuoroscopy of chest. 1 case directly observed positive foreign body and 9 cases observed typical signs of indirect negative foreign body by chest X-ray examination .meanwhile 17 cases directly observed positive foreign body by MSCT scan. Conclusion MSCT and image post-processing technology has important value in diagnosing trachea bronchial foreign body in children.%目的：探讨胸部X线透视、胸部平片和MSCT对气管支气管异物的诊断价值，比较三种方法对诊断支气管异物的正确率。方法对18例怀疑支气管异物的病例全部行胸透、胸部平片和MSCT检查，通过图像后处理工作站将MSCT轴位扫描图像进行多平面重组(MPR)、曲面重组（CPR）、最小密度投影法(MinP)和CT仿真内镜（CTVE）等图像重组，检查结果分别与支气管镜对照。结果18例经纤维支气管镜检查均发现异物。胸透直接观察到阳性异物1例，具有典型间接征象的阴性异物10例；胸部平片直接观察到阳性异物1例，具有典型间接征象的阴性异物9例；MSCT诊断支气管异物17例。结论 MSCT及图像后处理技术较普通X线诊断准确率明显提高，在小儿气管、支气管异物诊断中具有重要的临床应用价值。