金属钠在工业生产中具有重要用途，但由于其化学性质活泼，极易与空气中的氧、水、二氧化碳等反应，形成一些固态的杂质化合物，同时，在除油过程中又有少量油与钠的反应物生成，导致金属钠中常含有一些杂质，纯度不高。因此，有必要对其进行提纯处理。本文综述了常见的提纯钠的方法工艺，指出了各种不同方法的优缺点，认为真空蒸馏法具有流程短、提纯纯度高、能耗低等优点，将真空蒸馏技术与其它提纯技术相结合，开发多种技术相结合提纯方法，将是今后金属提纯技术的一个重要发展方向。%Metal sodium was of great importance in industrial production processes.However , since its chemical character was very active , it was highly reactive with other substance such as oxygen , water and carbon dioxide in the air with the formation of some solid impurities.Meanwhile , a small amount of oil can reactive with sodium during the degreasing process , which often lead to other kinds of impurities.Therefore , it was necessary to carry out the purification process.Those common used purification technologies were reviewed , with the descriptions of the advantages and disadvantages of each kind of method.At last, vacuum distillation process with many advantages was point out such as short flow , high purity purification , less consumption and so on.The development of combing vacuum distillation process with other technologies was one of the important directions of the sodium purification.
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