Lead ions are serious ecotoxicological hazards because of their accumulation in the vital organs of biological bodies. Herein, hydroxyapatite ( HA ) nanoparitcles were fabricated by coprecipitation method using slag powders as raw materials. The as-obtained HA nanoparitcles with low crystallinity exhibited spherical shape, and their particle sizes were distributed mainly around 50~80 nm. Interestingly, it was found that the HA nanoparticles possessed good adsorption property for Pb2+ions via a dissolution-precipitation reaction. After HA nanoparticles were soaked in lead solution, the PO3-4 ions were released from HA particles, and reacted with Pb2+ ions to form lead rod-like hydroxyapatite ( PbHA) particles. The effect factors of Pb2+ ions adsorption of HA nanoparticles included lead concentration, pH value and temperature. The Pb2+equilibrium adsorption capacity of HA nanoparticles increased by improving lead concentration, decreasing pH value and increasing reaction temperature. Therefore, HA nanoparticles had great applications for chemical removal of Pb2+ ions from environmental and industrial wastes.%铅离子由于会富集在生物体重要器官，造成严重的生物毒性。本文以矿渣为原料采用共沉淀法制备纳米羟基磷灰石( HA)颗粒。结果表明：合成的低结晶度的HA纳米颗粒呈现球形，粒径分布在50~80 nm。纳米HA对铅离子具有良好的吸附性能，其吸附机制为溶解-沉积反应。纳米HA置于铅离子溶液后发生溶解反应，释放出的磷酸根离子与溶液中的铅离子反应生成棒状铅磷灰石( PbHA)。纳米HA颗粒对铅离子吸附性能的影响因素包括溶液铅离子浓度、溶液pH值和吸附温度。铅离子浓度越高、 pH值越小、吸附温度越高，则纳米HA对铅离子的平衡吸附量越高。因此，纳米HA在吸附重金属铅离子领域具有重要的应用前景。
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