利用磁性球棒模型解决晶体结构学习难点

摘要

材料的晶体结构是《材料化学》课的重要内容。为了解决晶体结构理论学习的难点，提出了一种新型磁性球棒型晶体结构模型，设计出了常见金属晶体结构和典型二元离子晶体结构中所需要的钢球和磁棒的尺寸和个数。简述了该模型在对称元素、晶向指数、晶面指数、配位数、配位多面体和密堆结构教学中的应用。该模型的使用使金属晶体结构和二元离子晶体结构的教学更加形象，提高了教学效果和学生的学习兴趣。%Crystal structures of related materials are important compositions of Material Chemistry curriculum. To overcome the difficulties of theoretic knowledge of crystal structures, a new crystal structure model-magnetic sphere and stick model was presented, layout the size and numbers of sphere balls and sticks of metal crystal structures and typical binary ionic crystal structures. The application of the model in symmetry elements, crystallographic direction indices, crystallographic plane indices, coordination numbers, coordination polyhedron and close packing in teaching progress was described. The application of the model can make the metal crystal structures and typical binary ionic crystal structures more image, improve the teaching efficiency and interests of studying crystal structures.