生物法处理农村生活污水工艺研究的进展

摘要

当前，农村生活污水是农村水环境污染的主要来源，也是造成湖泊富营养化的原因之一。为确保农村饮水安全和农村居民身体健康，农村生活污水的有效处理及生态环境的综合治理已刻不容缓。纵观国内外污水处理的成熟工艺，要使我国污水处理后达到国家一级排放标准，从技术、经济、效率综合考虑，采用生物法处理农村生活污水是最理想的选择。生物法处理污水具有效率高、费用低、能耗低、出水质好、管理简单等优点。本文主要综述了目前国内外常用的生活污水处理工艺的工作原理、具体特点以及农村生活污水处理的进展，展望了未来农村生活污水处理工艺的发展前景。%At present, the domestic sewage discharge is the important source of water pollution in rural area, and it is an important factor in lake eutrophication. In order to ensure rural drinking water safety and rural residents in good health, effective treatment of rural domestic sewage and the ecological environment comprehensive treatment are imperative. Throughout the mature technology of the wastewater treatment at home and abroad to reach level of wastewater discharge standard, from point view of the technology, economy, efficiency, comprehensive consideration, rural domestic sewage can be treated by biological method which is the most ideal choice. Biological wastewater treatment has many advantages which are high efficiency, low cost, low energy consumption good water quality, simple management, etc. The current works, characteristics and application of common sewage treatment process at home and abroad were described, and the development prospects of rural sewage treatment process in the next years were discussed.