微波辐射下固体铁系超强酸催化合成己酸戊酯

摘要

采用自制的固体铁系超强酸催化剂,在微波辐射条件下,以己酸和戊醇为原料,合成己酸戊酯.探论了催化剂用量、己酸和戊醇的物料比、反应时间、反应温度四个因素对酯化反应的影响.实验所得到的最佳条件为:n(戊醇):n(己酸)=1.75:1,催化剂用量为己酸质量的10.0%,反应时间16 min,反应温度为160 ℃,酯化产率可达94.78%.本方法具有反应时间短、反应条件温和、后处理简单且环保无污染等特点.%The use of self-made solid ferric sulphate as catalyst on the synthesis of amyl hexanoate under microwave irradiation was studied. The effects of the ratio of esterification were studied by different reaction conditions including the amount of the catalyst,molar ratio of alcohol to acid,reaction time and temperature. The experiment proved that when the amount of catalyst was 10.0% weight of hexanoic acid,the alcohol acid ratio was 1.75:1,the reaction time was 16 min and the reaction temperature was 160 ℃,the yield was about 94.78%. The method has the advantage of short time,mild reaction conditions and simple post-treatment,environmental protection.