钦州湾潮流季节变化特征

摘要

[Objective]For scientific development and utilization of marine resources in Qinzhou Bay,the characteristics of current seasonal changes were studied in the bay.[Methods]The measured current data from 2006 to 2012 were collected,and preliminary characteristics of the current seasonal changes in Maowei Sea and outer Qinzhou Bay were obtained by means of qua-si-harmonic analysis method.[Results]In Maowei Sea,summer current is significantly stronger than the winter one,and the tidal estuary is strongly affected by runoff in summer.Outer Qinzhou Bay,the current in summer and autumn is stronger than in winter,and the west water-way current is strongest,followed by middle waterway,but the east waterway is relatively wea-kest.The construction of Sandun Road leads to markedly enhance the current at its eastern shallow.Residual current is strong in summer at the tidal estuary,but beyond that,it is gener-ally not strong in Qinzhou Bay.[Conclusion]Qinzhou Bay belongs to irregular diurnal current sea,and its current movement form is reciprocating flow type. Ebb current velocity is generally greater than flood current velocity, while flood duration is longer than ebb duration.The cur-rent at Longmen waterway is the mostpowerful,followed by other major tidal channels.%【目的】为科学开发和利用钦州湾的海洋资源，研究钦州湾潮流季节性变化特征。【方法】收集2006～2012年钦州湾潮流实测资料，结合准调和分析方法，初步获得茅尾海以及钦州湾外湾潮流季节特征。【结果】茅尾海夏季潮流显著强于冬季，潮汐河口夏季受径流影响强烈。外湾夏、秋季节潮流强于冬节，西水道潮流较强，中水道次之，东水道相对较弱；三墩公路建设导致其东侧浅滩潮流明显增强。除夏季潮汐河口余流较大外，钦州湾余流普遍不强。【结论】钦州湾属不规则全日潮海区，潮流运动形式为往复流，落潮流速一般大于涨潮流速，涨潮历时长于落潮历时；龙门水道潮流动力最为强劲，其次为其它主流潮汐通道。