湖北省老年高血压前期的患病情况及相关危险因素分析

摘要

目的：了解湖北省老年高血压前期的患病情况并分析其相关危险因素。方法采用分层多级随机抽样方法抽取湖北省9个地市（自治州）60岁及以上老年人共5912例，采用问卷调查及体格检查等方法对高血压前期患病状况进行调查，并进行相关危险因素分析。结果湖北省老年高血压前期的患病率为39．4％，男性及女性患病率分别为38．4％、40．4％。单因素分析结果显示：年龄、性别、血压、体重、体脂水平、月食油量、日食盐量、体质指数（ BMI）、文化程度、婚姻状况、体育锻炼、吸烟史对老年高血压前期的发病有影响（ P均＜0．05）。多因素logistic 回归分析结果显示：月食油量、体育锻炼、婚姻状况、年龄、BMI是老年高血压前期的独立危险因素（P＜0．05）。结论湖北省老年高血压前期的患病率较高。食油量＞1 kg／月、缺乏体育锻炼、在婚、年龄、超重是老年高血压前期的危险因素。建议加强高血压前期相关健康教育，以降低高血压的发病率。%Objective To investigate the morbidity and related risk factors for pre-hypertension among the elderly in Hubei Province.Methods 5 912 elderly people aged 60 years and older were selected using a stratified multistage randomized sampling from nine cities/autonomous prefectures in Hubei Province .Physical examinations were applied to a questionnaire investigation on the morbidity of pre-hypertension .And the related risk factors for pre-hypertension were analyzed .Results The morbidity of pre-hypertension among the elderly in Hubei Province was 39.4%,and the morbidities of the males and the females were 38.4%and 40.4%,respectively.Univariate analysis revealed that age ,gender,blood pressure,body weight,body fat level,monthly oil consumption,daily salt intake,body mass index (BMI),education background ,marriage status,exercise and history of smoking had effects on the incidence of pre-hypertension among the elderly(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that monthly oil consumption ,exercise,marriage status,age and BMI were the independent risk factors for pre-hypertension among the elderly ( P<0.05).Conclusion The morbidity of pre-hypertension among the elderly is quite high in Hubei Province .Monthly oil consumption more than 1 kg,lack of exercise,being married,age and overweight are the risk factors for the elderly with pre-hypertension .It is suggested that health education related to pre-hypertension should be enhanced to reduce the incidence of hypertension .