豚鼠颞骨的显微解剖学研究

摘要

目的 观察豚鼠显微镜下的颞骨结构,为豚鼠耳科学实验提供解剖学依据.方法 制作16只健康成年豚鼠的颞骨标本模型,对其中耳、内耳进行显微解剖并观察.结果 在豚鼠的颞骨标本上准确定位出中耳及内耳的相关结构,其中中耳结构包括鼓膜、听骨链、卵圆窗、圆窗、咽鼓管咽口、面神经管等,内耳结构包括耳蜗、3个半规管、椭圆囊、球囊、乙状窦、内听道、内淋巴囊、前庭导水管、蜗水管等.结论 豚鼠颞骨结构与人体颞骨结构有很大相似性,但亦有一定区别.%Objective To observe the structure of temporal bone of guinea pigs under the microscope,thereby to provide the anatomical basis for otology experiments of guinea pigs.Methods Models were made of temporal bone specimens from 16 healthy adult guinea pigs.Then microanatomy and observation for the structures of middle and inner ears were conducted.Results Of the relevant structures of middle and inner ears accurately located on the temporal bone specimens of guinea pigs,the middle ear included tympanic membrane,ossicular chain,oval window,round window,pharyngeal orifice of eustachian tube,facial nerve tube,etc.,and the inner ear included cochlea,triple semicircular canals,utricle,saccule,sigmoid sinus,internal auditory canal,endolymphatic sac,vestibular aqueduct,cochlear aqueduct,etc..Conclusion Both similarities and a certain difference are found in temporal anatomical structure between human and guinea pigs.