Many health problems were caused due to the lack of useful elements in the human body or toxic elements excessive , trace elements play a pivotal role in the study of medical geology .With the deepening of the medical geological research and the rapid development of new technology , the areas of research and study the extent of the trace elements was also expanding and deepening .This paper reviews the main contents of trace elements in medical geology , including the bioavailability of trace elements , the interaction between trace elements , exposure pathways of trace elements in the human body and its toxicokinetic; describes the environmental geochemistry and ecotoxicological methods , multivariate statistics and geostatistics in the study of the use of trace elements; compares and summarizes nemerow index method , geological cumulative index , potential ecological risk index , environmental health risk assessment ( EHRA ) and based on the life cycle of human health risk assessment and other risk assessment methods .Based on which , pointed out that the weakest link in the study of the field as well as the future direction of development , and to promote further research .%人体中有益元素的缺乏或有毒有害元素过量导致众多健康问题，微量元素在医学地质研究中占有举足轻重的作用。随着医学地质研究的不断深入和新技术的快速发展，微量元素的研究领域和研究程度也不断扩大和深入，该文综述了微量元素在医学地质中的主要研究内容，研究方法及风险评价，指出了微量元素研究的薄弱环节及其发展趋势，以期推动进一步研究。
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