土壤理化性质与青稞根腐病发生的关系

摘要

In order to evaluate the relationship between naked barley root rot and soil physicochemical properties,the naked barley root rot in Gannan of Gansu Province was investigated.The rhizosphere soil of healthy and root rot infected plants were collected,and the soil physicochemical properties and soil enzyme activities were measured.The results showed that the naked barley root rot had serious morbidity,incidence rate ranged from 5% to 20%.The difference of physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soil was not significant among diseased and healthy plants.But the soil enzyme activity was significantly different,the catalase activity of healthy plants was greater than diseased plants (H>D) accounted for 64%,in which,50% were significant;healthy plants alkaline phosphatase activity were greater than root rot plants (H>D) accounted for 93%,in which,79% of were significant;healthy plants urease activity were greater than root rot plants (H>D) accounted for 71% and the difference was significant;healthy plants cellulase activity were greater than root rot plants (H>D) accounted for 93%,in which,79% were significant;healthy plants invertase activity were greater than root rot plants (H>D) accounted for 93% and the differenc was significant.Urease and invertase related naked barley root rot incidence showed a moderate negative correlation,and the correlation coefficient was 0.64 and 0.62 respectively.%调查了甘肃省甘南州成株期青稞根腐病的发生危害,并采集青稞健康植株和根腐病植株根际土壤,测定了土壤理化性质和土壤酶活性,以评价土壤理化性质与青稞根腐病的关系.结果表明,甘肃甘南州青稞发病率在5%~20%,同一样地青稞病健康植株根际土壤黏粒、粉粒、砂粒、有机质、有效磷、速效钾、铵态氮、硝态氮的含量及pH无差异,即与根腐病发病率相关性不显著,但土壤酶活性均存在显著差异,健康植株根际过氧化酶活性大于病株(H>D)的占64%,其中,50%差异显著;健株根际土壤碱性磷酸酶活性大于病株(H>D)的占93%,其中,有79%差异显著;健康植株根际土壤脲酶活性大于病株(H>D)的占71%,且均有显著性差异;健康植株根际土壤纤维素酶活性小于病株(HD)的占93%,且均有显著性差异.脲酶和蔗糖酶与成株期青稞根腐病发病率呈中度负相关,相关系数分别为0.64和0.62,其他3种酶则与成株期青稞发病率相关性不显著.