为充分利用广东某铅锌矿大宗固体废弃物与尾矿,研发了基于铅锌冶炼渣的充填胶凝材料.通过机械活化试验研究,确定铅锌冶炼渣研磨时间为70 min.通过化学活化试验研究,确定原料组成为冶炼渣、水泥熟料、硅酸钠和石膏.其中,冶炼渣与水泥熟料的质量比为8:2,硅酸钠掺量为3%,石膏掺量为8%.该胶凝材料与分级尾砂制备的充填料浆浓度为75%且灰砂比为1:6时,3 d强度达2.68 MPa,28 d强度达3.97 MPa,均优于相同浓度条件下以P.O42.5水泥作为胶凝材料且灰砂比为1:4时的充填体强度.扩散度试验表明,该类型胶凝材料制备的充填料浆流动性能好,能够满足该矿山的自流输送条件.SEM测试分析结果表明,以该类型胶凝材料制备的充填试块内部早期生成了大量的钙矾石,后期生成了大量的水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)凝胶,结构较致密.%In order to make full use of a large amount of solid waste and tailings from a lead-zinc mine in Guangdong Province,the filling cementitious material based on lead-zinc smelting slag was developed.Through the experimental study of mechanical activation,it is determined that the grinding time of lead-zinc smelting slag is 70 min.Through the experimental study of chemical activation,the composition of raw materials was determined as follows:smelting slag,cement,sodium silicate and gypsum.Among them,the smelting slag composition:cement clinker is 8:2;dosage of sodium silicate is 3%,gypsum content is 8%.The concentration of filling slurry prepared by cementitious material and classified tailings is 75%,when the cement sand ratio is 1:6, the 3 d strength is up to 2.68 MPa and 28 d strength up to 3.97 MPa,superior to the strength of filler prepared by P.O42.5 cement at a cement sand ratio of 1:4.The diffusion test shows that the filling slurry prepared by this kind of cementitious material has better flow performance,which can meet the gravity transportation condition of the mine.SEM test results show that there are a large amount of ettringite generated inside the filling test block prepared by cementitious material of that type in early stage and a large amount of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H)gel generated in late period of more compact structure.
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