京大戟为大戟科( Euphorbiaceae)多年生草本植物大戟Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr.的干燥根，具有泻水逐饮、消肿散结的功效，临床上常用于治疗水肿胀满、胸腹积水、痰饮积聚等症，是基础和临床科研工作者共同关注的重点。本文查阅近年来国内外对京大戟研究的文献资料，主要从化学成分和药理作用两个方面对其研究进展进行了归纳总结。京大戟主要含二萜类、三萜类、黄酮类、鞣质类等成分，具有泻下、利尿、抗炎、抗肿瘤和抗白血病等药理作用，并存在一定的毒性。%Euphorbia Pekinensis is the dried root of Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr. Which is a perennial herb of Euphorbiaceae. The drug is used to remove retained water and morbid fluid and dissolve lumps. It has been widely used to treat edema, abdominal distension, hydrothorax, phlegm-fluid retention and other disease in clinical applications. This paper reviewed at home and abroad of Euphorbia pekinensis research literature, mainly from chemical constituents and pharmacological effects on the research progress were summarized. Euphorbia Pekinensis mainly containing diterpenoids, triterpenoids, flavonoids and tannins etc. It has good pharmacological effects on purging, inducing diuresis, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, and anti-leukemia etc, and there is also has toxicity.
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