生活设施空间分布和配套情况对居民幸福感有极大影响,空间中的不同设施配套情况的差异具有区分城市功能区、指导城市规划等作用,高时效性数据在该研究中有广阔的前景.POI即兴趣点,指空间上地理实体的点状表示,是现行大数据潮流下的一种简单易得而且极具代表性的空间点状数据,POI数据为空间分布研究提供了新的方法.本研究基于济南市市内五区的部分POI数据,应用核密度分析法和标准差椭圆分布,探讨研究区内休闲、工作、居住、医疗等部分生活设施的空间分布情况;应用相关性分析法对各类设施赋予权重,评价生活设施的空间配套情况.分析得出:①济南市生活设施集中分布在城市中心区域,呈现单中心模式,但各类生活设施空间分布在方位和规模上存在不同;②休闲设施分布于小范围的城市中心区域,办公设施沿东西方向呈带状分布,医疗设施和居住设施分布均匀,在较低等级以上的区域覆盖广;③医疗设施和居住设施的空间相关性最高,休闲设施与医疗设施空间相关性最低;④医疗设施和居住设施在配套分析中占较大比重,休闲设施比重最小.%Living facilities' spatial distribution and matchingsituation have a great impact on the well-being of residents.The difference of supporting facilities could distinguish urban functional areas and guide urban planning.High temporal data have broad prospects in this research.POI is Points of Interest,which represents geographical object spatially.It is a kind of simple,easy to get and highly representative of the spacial point data in the Big Data flow.POI data provide a new method for spatial distribution analysis.Based on the POI data in five districts of Ji'nan,this study explores the spatial distribution of office,leisure,medical and residential facilities by kernel density analysis method,standard deviation ellipse distribution and evaluate space matching condition with weights calculated by correlation analysis method and CRITIC method.Conclusions are as follows:①Living facilities are concentrated in the city center area showing a single center mode,but the spatial distribution of living facilities are different in the orientation and scale;②Leisure facilities are distributed in a small area of the city center,office facilities are along the east-west direction.Medical and residential facilities are evenly distributed,with a wide coverage of the lower grades;③The spatial correlation of medical facilities and residential facilities is the highest,the leisure facilities and medical facilities have the lowest spatial correlation;④Medical facilities and residential facilities are in a larger proportion in the matching analysis,and the smallest proportion of leisure facilities.
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