主要介绍了大地测量参考框架；不同基本坐标系间的相互转换；地图投影的铺垫知识；不同类型的投影:方位投影、圆锥投影、圆柱投影的正反算公式.详细介绍了高斯投影正反算,换带问题；兰伯托投影正反算；墨卡托投影正反算；以及北京54,西安80,WGS-84坐标的相互转换方法.且用C++语言实现了大地坐标与空间直角坐标的转换,并用数据验证了它们.在论文中阐述了编程的基本思路.%This paper mainly introduces the frame of reference for land measurement, transformation between different coordinate systems and basic knowledge of map projection. Meanwhile the paper elaborates the forward and reverse calculation of different types of azimuthal projection, conic projection and cylindrical projection. More effort is given to the forward and reverse calculation of Gauss projection, Lambert projection, Mercator projection, the coordinate system transformation of Beijing54, Xi'an80 and WGS -84, the transformation between geodetic coordinate and spatial right - angle coordinate with the data validation. The paper offers the basic thought of programming with the structure display of the thought.
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