基于指标体系的中国水环境评价研究

摘要

从水压力、水管理、水污染、灾害风险及社会经济效应5个要素出发,构建水环境综合评价体系,并用均值法求得水环境综合评价指数,对我国31个省(市、自治区)的水环境状况进行评价.以人口数量为权重将分省(市、自治区)要素指标转化为流域尺度,对我国十大流域片进行水环境评价及5个单要素分析,指出地域间水环境差异及水环境问题.%An assessment of water environment of 31provinces ( municipalities and autonomous regions) in China was performed. The analysis was conducted by the method of comprehensive evaluation of water environment index with the average value obtained by 5 el-ements, including water pressure, water management, water pollution, hazard risk and social economic effect. Furthermore, through the population quantity as the weight, the provinces' factor index was transformed into watershed scale, and then the assessment of water environment of 10 major river basins in China and five single factors' analysis were also carried out. The results point out the differences and problems of water environment in regions.