江西相山火山盆地三维地质建模的实践与思考

摘要

The 3D geological modeling is a data model based on the analysis of geological spatial structure for displaying, editing, counting and outputting by the computer technology.In the 1980s,China began to carry out 3D modeling work on important geo-logical sections such as sedimentary basins and deposits.In 2012,the CGS officially launched the pilot work of the 3D geological sur-vey, and combined 3D geological modeling with regional geological mapping. 3D geological model from Xiangshan volcanic basin was built in 5 different scales and different data sources in the GOCAD(Geological Object Computer Aid Design)software platform, and three modeling methods were explored,i.e.,digital geological mapping modeling,geological profile modeling and multi-source data fusion modeling.It integrated the surface of digital geological mapping in Xiangshan area with deep geophysical exploration and the analysis of drilling data.The digital geological mapping modeling has the great popularization value since it not only can be used as a new way of expression of surface regional geological mapping but also can be used as a transitional model for deeper level's 3D geological survey deployment foundation and the modeling constraints. 3D dimensional geological modeling emphasizes the organic integration of multi-source data and confirmation with each other,and the need of merging geological and geophysical exploration results,information technology,and multi-disciplinary integration. 3D modeling is an effective method for understanding geological features of the geological bodies,geometry of geological phenomena and paragenesis of formation in the 3D space.%三维地质建模是在地质体空间结构分析的基础上,运用计算机技术,建立可供展示、编辑、计算和输出于一体的数据模型.在江西相山地区地表数字地质填图、深部地球物理勘探、钻探数据分析的基础上,依托GOCAD软件平台建成了5个不同范围、不同数据源的三维地质模型,探索了数字地质填图建模、地质剖面建模和多源数据融合建模3种建模方法.其中数字地质填图建模是很有推广价值的三维建模方法,可以作为地表区域地质填图的一种新型表达方式,也可以作为一种过渡性模型,用作更深层次三维地质调查的工作部署基础和建模约束条件.三维地质建模强调多源数据的有机融合与相互印证,需要地质、物探、信息技术多学科融合,在3D空间里理解所有地质体、地质现象的几何形态和成因关系.