水稻育种骨干亲本材料稻曲病抗性评价

摘要

绿核菌属绿核菌Ustilaginoidea virens （Cooke） Takahashi.引发的稻曲病是水稻生产中的重要病害之一，抗病种质资源稀少成为限制水稻抗病性育种的重要因素。本研究以117份生产上广泛应用的水稻育种亲本为试验材料，在稻曲病自然发病重病区进行抗病性鉴定。鉴定结果表明，鉴定品种中抗病品种2份；中抗品种17份，占鉴定材料的14.53％；中感品种56份，占鉴定材料的47.86％；感病品种42份，占鉴定材料的35.90％。研究分析表明，品种的孕穗期抽穗期气候条件及穗部特征对病害的发生和流行有重要影响，籼粳亚种间品种整体抗病性水平也存在一定的差异。本研究结果为水稻抗稻曲病新品种的培育提供了丰富的基础材料。%Rice false smut ,caused by Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke) Takahashi ,is one of the most serious rice diseases in China. The scarcity of resistant resource is an important factor that restricts rice resistant breeding. In this study ,rice false smut resistance of 117 rice varieties that are commonly used for breeding was evaluated in the area with heavy disease . The results showed that only 2 cultivars demonstrated resistance and 17 cultivars (14.53% ) were with middle resistance. Of 117 varieties ,56 (47.86% ) displayed middle susceptibility while 42 (35.90% ) were identified as susceptive ones. The data indicated that rice false smut resistant varieties were scarce in commonly applied rice parents. Temperatures in booting stage and heading stage ,different growth period and the structure of spikes were important to disease occurrence and epidemic. Additionally , there was also certain difference of disease resistance between indica and japonica rice. Our study provides fundamental materials for rice false smut resistance breeding .