云霄农田黄毛鼠种群动态及繁殖特点

摘要

2002－2011年云霄农田鼠情系统监测结果表明，黄毛鼠是云霄县农田优势种，占84．5％，其种群消长动态呈现明显季节性波动，月平均捕获率为5．4％～9．2％，年内出现2次高峰，除个别年份外，年度间种群消长动态较为平稳。调查数据显示，黄毛鼠雌雄总性比为1．5∶1，每年的1～12月份均能捕到怀孕鼠，不存在12、1、2月为偶然繁殖期，平均月怀孕率为45．9％，繁殖指数为160．6％，说明黄毛鼠在云霄乃至闽南农区具有较强繁殖能力，成为影响农田黄毛鼠种群数量变动的主要因子。笔者根据黄毛鼠种群消长规律分析，提出了可持续防控农田鼠害的策略，为农田科学灭鼠提供参考。%Systematic monitoring results of rat situation in Yunxiao County (Fujian Province)from 2002 to 2011 showed that Rattus rattoides is a dominant specie in residential areas,accounting for 84.5%.There is obvious seasonal fluctuation,monthly average catch rate (5.4% - 9.2%),two peak of catch rate in a year,though the population dynamics is stable relatively.Normally,the sex ratio (♀/♂)of Rattus rattoides was 1.5:1 and the Pregnant rats was found in a year.Meantime,the monthly pregnant rate,reproductive index were 45.9%, 160.6%,suggesting that Rattus rattoides has a greater reproductive capacity.Our results will put forward to the sustainable control strategy of farmland rodent and provides the reference for scientific deratization.