以3年生无裙膜避雨大棚＋平面棚架栽培的翠冠梨当年抽生的长枝为对象，进行直立、斜生、水平3种不同开张角度处理并互为比较试验。结果表明：当年水平处理的枝、花、芽形成比例为斜生、直立处理的1．60倍和3．53倍，斜生处理枝花芽形成比例为直立处理的2．20倍，第2～3年，开张角度大的枝组花序与花朵坐果率、单枝产量、单果重依次显著或极显著高于开张角度小的枝组；水平处理单果重变异系数极显著小于斜生、直立处理，斜生、直立处理之间差异不显著，各处理之间主要营养成分含量无明显差异。适时加大梨旺枝开张角度，特别是开张至水平状，能迅速将其旺盛的生长势转化为旺盛的结果能力，增加结果数量，提高产量，而且能增大果个，端正果形，提高外观整齐度，但改善果实内在品质作用不明显。%The current-year new branches on 3-year-old Cuiguan peartrees grownon plane trellis in a non-skirt-film-coveragegreenhouse were trained to become erect,oblique or horizontal on the plants.The branch angling effects on the floral budformation of the trees were monitored.It was found that,on the horizontal branches,the rate of floral bud formation was 1.60 times higher than that of the oblique and 3.53 times of the erect branches;and,on the oblique branches,the rate was 2.20 times higher than the erect branches.From the 2nd to the 3rd year,the fruit setting rate of inflorescences and flowers,fruit count ona single branch,and individual fruitweightof the pear trees with branches angled horizontally were significant or extremely significantly higher than those of the trees with branches bented at lesserdegrees. The coefficient of variance on fruit weight of the trees with horizontal branches was extremely significantlylower than those of the other two counterparts.However,there was no significant difference found between the trees with oblique and erect branches.The nutrient contents of the fruits from the 3 treatment groups were similar.Thus,aside from the chemical composition,training the tree branches to spread horizontally,or close to that,could result in desirable improvements on the bearing,development,yield,and uniformlylarge size of the pears.
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