留穗量对龙眼花芽分化期叶片矿质营养及果实品质产量的影响

摘要

探讨立冬本龙眼不同留穗量对花芽分化期秋梢叶片矿质营养含量、结果母枝生长及果实品质和产量效益的影响.结果表明,株留穗量1/3和对照树的秋梢叶片N、P、K含量高于株留穗量1/2处理,Ca、Mg含量表现为留穗量1/2>留穗量1/3>对照.留穗量1/3处理,年际间结果母枝粗度、长度、叶片数差异均不显著,都是优良结果母枝,大年和小年均表现果大(13.0 g以上),穗大(800.0 g以上),品质优,大小年变幅小(14.67%),与留穗量1/2相比,4年平均增产24.20%,提高经济效益44.68%.说明留穗量1/3是较适宜的负载量.%Effects of fruit-bud pruning on the mineral content of the autumn leaves during flower-bud differentiation stage, the growth of fruit-bearing branches, and the quality and yield of fruits of longan variety Lidongben were studied.The results showed that the N, P and K contents in the autumn leaves were higher when 1/3 of the fruit-buds was retained on a tree branch or no pruning (CK) was applied than if 1/2 of the buds was removed.The contents of Ca and Mg were in a decreasing order upon 1/2 pruning > 2/3 pruning > CK.There were no significant differences observed in 4 years on the length, diameter, and leaf count on the fruit-bearing branches on the trees that had 2/3 of the fruit-buds removed.Furthermore, these fruit-bearing branches tended to produce large individual fruits (above 13.0 g), big panicles (more than 800.0 g), excellent quality, and relatively consistent fruit-bearing performance (with 14.67% differentiation between the high and low production years).Furthermore, the average annual fruit yield increased 24.20% with an improved profitability of 44.68%, as compared to 1/2 pruning.Consequently, it was concluded that retention of 1/3 of the fruit-buds on a single fruit-bearing branch was recommended for longan pruning.