Purpose To study the repairing of rabbit articular cartilage defects by complex materials engineered chondrocytes. Methods Chondrocytes were planted on the surface of the porous hydroxyapatite(HA) coated with polylactic aid(PLA). After 2 weeks of culture,the ccmplex of chondrocytes-scaffold were transplanted to repair the articular cartilage defect of femoral condyle of rabbit knees. The defects had been made previously and were 5 mm in diameter, 2.5 mm in depth, extending down to the calcified zone. Healing of the defects was assessed by gross examination, light microscope and electron microscope. In addition, the collagen content of the normal cartilage of rabbit knees and the healing cartilage after 12 weeks of transplantation were determined. Results Porous hydroxyapatite coated with PLA was a kind of excellent scaffold, the transplanted chondrocytes could grow well on the scaffold and form hyaline cartilage. In the no chondrocyte-transplantation groups, the defects were repaired only by fibre tissues. Meanwhile, the porous HA was the temporary substitute of subchondral bone in the period of repairing. The collagen content of healing cartilage after 12 weeks of transplantation was 44.69%, and the content of normal cartilage was 54.74%. The difference was statistically significant. Conclusions Porous hydroxyapatite coated with PLA engineered chondrocytes can repair successfully the cartiage defect of femoral condyle of rabbit knees in the mode of hyaline cartilage. Immaturity of chondrocytes resulted in that the difference of collagen content was statistically significant.%目的 研究复合材料负载软骨细胞修复兔关节软骨缺损。方法 把软骨细胞种植到聚乳酸(PLA)涂层的多孔羟基磷灰石(HA)表而，培养2周后，移植软骨细胞-载体的复合体修复兔膝关节股骨髁的软骨缺损(直径约5 mm，深约2．5 mm，达钙化层)。然后对缺损的修复情况在移植后进行大体、光镜评估和电镜观察。另外对兔膝关节正常的软骨和移植后12周缺损处的修复软骨进行胶原量的测定。结果 移植的软骨细胞能在复合材料上良好地生长，形成透明软骨，软骨缺损被修复。无细胞移植的对照组仅纤维修复。另外，多孔HA在修复过程中充当了软骨下骨的临时替代。胶原量的测定显示移植12周后的修复软骨胶原量约44．69％，自身正常的软骨胶原量约为54．74％，两者差异有统计学意义。结论 PLA涂层的多孔HA负载软骨细胞移植能以透明软骨的方式成功修复兔膝股骨髁软骨缺损。软骨细胞不成熟导致胶原量的差异有统计学意义。
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