DNA条形码技术在中药质量评价中的研究进展

摘要

DNA条形码技术指利用一段或几段标准DNA序列实现动物、植物和真菌等物种的快速鉴定，是基于分子生物学进行物种分类研究的重要工具。近年，DNA条形码技术在中药鉴定中的应用日益增多，使中药质量评价研究进入一个崭新的时代。本文结合国内外文献，综述了DNA条形码技术在中药材鉴定、中药饮片和中成药质量评价方面的应用，以及DNA条形码技术鉴定物种流程。利用DNA条形码技术进行中药质量评价不受物种形态特征和发育时期的影响，且快速、准确，然而此技术不能从化学成分层面评价中药。将传统评价方法和DNA条形码技术相结合对中药进行全面质量评价，对推进我国中医药现代化的发展具有深远的意义。%DNA barcoding is an important tool for taxonomic analysis based on molecular biology. It can be used for the rapid identification of species with one or more standard DNA fragments. Recently, DNA barcoding has been widely used to identify traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which has boosted advancement of TCM quality evaluation. This paper reviews the application of DNA barcoding in the identification of traditional Chinese medicinal materials and in the evaluation of quality of TCM slices and formulated products, and summarizes the steps of DNA barcoding for species identification. DNA barcoding technology is not affected by morphological characteristics and developmental period of species, and is rapid and accurate. However, this technology can not evaluate the chemical constitution of TCM. Therefore, combination of traditional evaluation method and DNA barcoding technology to conduct a comprehensive quality evaluation of TCM would be of profound significance for the modernization of TCM.